public automaker

General Motors

A public automaker selling Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac, Buick, and commercial vehicles, with shareholder governance, large truck and SUV exposure, OnStar connected services, and direct FTC connected-car data enforcement. General Motors remains weak because of ecological harm, surveillance capture, and ideological disavowal, even where the product or service has practical value.

Why this matters: GM combines mass-market vehicle scale with one of the clearest enforcement records on connected-car data sales and driver consent.

Letter grade D Extractive Medium confidence (AI) Rubric gcd-rubric-v1 Last reviewed May 6, 2026

Final Score 3* D - Extractive

DEXTRACTIVE3 pts

* Tentative scaffolding score. Not human-checked or final.

Base Material24

Bonus+0

Cap35Ownership <= 2 and Governance <= 2

After Cap24

Penalties-21

Private Government badge

General Motors receives the Private Government badge because it combines large-scale private rule-setting over customers, workers, users, members, or counterparties with OpenLobby-documented lobbying of about $980K on public policy issues.

Evidence: [8]

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Evaluation Overview

D - Extractive

The score turns mainly on Extraction, with the largest penalty coming from Ecological Harm.

Strengths

Extraction4/10
Product Integrity4/5
Labor Sovereignty3/7

Penalties

Ecological Harm-5
Policy Capture-5
High-Carbon Products-5
Surveillance Capture-5

Evidence state

ConfidenceMedium confidence (AI)
ThoroughnessPartial (AI)
Linked claims8
Direct axis claims7
Coverage7/14

Scoring Axes

Axis	Score	Why this score
Ownership ? Control rights: shareholder-dominated at 0, worker cooperative control at 10.	1 / 10	General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. That keeps General Motors low on Ownership: decisive control remains with shareholders, private owners, executives, or state insiders rather than affected people. The value is above zero only where the linked record still shows some real function, constraint, or public value on this axis. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 12 scored entries below, 65 tied, 149 above on Ownership. Uncertainty Priority page: add more axis-specific research over time to make the comparative placement harder to dispute. Linked evidence General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. [1] context General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. [2]
Governance ? Binding decision authority: centralized control at 0, democratic stakeholder control at 10.	1 / 10	General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 2 scored entries below, 68 tied, 156 above on Governance. Linked evidence context General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. [1] context General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. [2]
Extraction ? Surplus allocation, wage share, CEO pay ratio, margins, and structured extraction judgment.	4 / 10	General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. That places General Motors in the middle of Extraction: the institution creates real value but still leaves room for rent extraction, unequal bargaining, or surplus capture. The value stays below the top tier because the linked record does not show full democratic control, non-extractive lock-in, or complete stakeholder protection on this axis. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 62 scored entries below, 32 tied, 132 above on Extraction. Linked evidence context General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. [1] context General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. [2]
Labor Sovereignty ? Worker power: coercive conditions at 0, co-determination or ownership at 7. Employee dissatisfaction matters only when source-backed evidence shows concrete limits on worker agency, such as coercive scheduling, retaliation, wage theft, harassment, unsafe conditions, suppression of worker voice, or extreme turnover.	3 / 7	General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. That places General Motors in the middle of Labor Sovereignty: workers or participants have some protection or agency, but not enough binding power to control the relationship. The value stays below the top tier because the linked record does not show full democratic control, non-extractive lock-in, or complete stakeholder protection on this axis. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 45 scored entries below, 66 tied, 115 above on Labor Sovereignty. Linked evidence context General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. [1] context General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. [2]
Solidarity with the Unemployed ? Treatment of exits and nonworkers, including severance, redeployment, and non-competes.	2 / 7	General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. That keeps General Motors low on Solidarity with the Unemployed: the model provides little protection for people who leave, are excluded, or cannot bargain from employment. The value is above zero only where the linked record still shows some real function, constraint, or public value on this axis. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 31 scored entries below, 49 tied, 146 above on Solidarity with the Unemployed. Linked evidence context General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. [1] context General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. [2]
Loss-Bearing Fidelity ? Willingness to absorb costs to preserve values, workers, users, and public obligations.	3 / 7	General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. That places General Motors in the middle of Loss-Bearing Fidelity: there is some willingness to preserve obligations, but the record still leaves meaningful risk-shifting concerns. The value stays below the top tier because the linked record does not show full democratic control, non-extractive lock-in, or complete stakeholder protection on this axis. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 48 scored entries below, 39 tied, 139 above on Loss-Bearing Fidelity. Linked evidence context General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. [1] context General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. [2]
Market Conduct ? Pricing fairness, switching costs, lock-in, and rent extraction.	3 / 5	General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. That places General Motors in the middle of Market Conduct: the product has real value but still uses meaningful lock-in, gatekeeping, market power, or dependency. The value stays below the top tier because the linked record does not show full democratic control, non-extractive lock-in, or complete stakeholder protection on this axis. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 54 scored entries below, 51 tied, 121 above on Market Conduct. Linked evidence context General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. [1] context General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. [2]
Product Integrity ? Preservation of quality rather than degradation for monetization.	4 / 5	General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. That places General Motors high on Product Integrity: the core offering is genuinely useful and comparatively less dependent on traps, degradation, or harmful dependencies. A still-higher or maximum value requires stronger proof that this structure is durable, broad, and not merely discretionary. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 61 scored entries below, 72 tied, 93 above on Product Integrity. Uncertainty Priority page: add more axis-specific research over time to make the comparative placement harder to dispute. Linked evidence context General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. [1] General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. [2]
Scale Integrity ? Whether growth improves or degrades fairness and accountability.	3 / 5	General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. That places General Motors in the middle of Scale Integrity: scale brings useful reach but also weakens accountability, transparency, or local constraint. The value stays below the top tier because the linked record does not show full democratic control, non-extractive lock-in, or complete stakeholder protection on this axis. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 50 scored entries below, 58 tied, 118 above on Scale Integrity. Linked evidence context General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker. [1] context General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale. [2]

Penalties

Penalty	Applied	Why this penalty
Ecological Harm ? Footprint, trajectory, irreversibility, culpability, and scale, including whether ecological harm is central to the model and continued after credible notice. Range: -30 to 0.	-5	General Motors sells cars in a product category where the IEA reports cars and vans produced 3.8 Gt of CO2 emissions in 2023, more than 60% of road-transport emissions. General Motors sells cars in a product category where the IEA reports cars and vans produced 3.8 Gt of CO2 emissions in 2023, more than 60% of road-transport emissions. That warrants a limited Ecological Harm penalty because the institution causes or defends ecological damage that is more than incidental to the model. The value is limited because the linked record shows a real problem but not one that dominates the profile on this axis. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 21 scored entries below, 11 tied, 194 above on Ecological Harm. Linked evidence General Motors sells cars in a product category where the IEA reports cars and vans produced 3.8 Gt of CO2 emissions in 2023, more than 60% of road-transport emissions. [3]
Policy Capture ? Private-interest attempts to bend law, regulation, subsidies, taxes, enforcement, trade, labor, safety, competition, environmental, healthcare, housing, surveillance, civil-liberties, or consumer policy against workers, customers, citizens, affected communities, or ecological life. Public-interest advocacy is not penalized merely because it is lobbying. Range: -15 to 0.	-5	OpenLobby records GENERAL MOTORS LLC lobbying on technology, tax, automotive, finance, environment, transportation, and other issues with about $980K in spending across 21 filings; the… OpenLobby records GENERAL MOTORS LLC lobbying on technology, tax, automotive, finance, environment, transportation, and other issues with about $980K in spending across 21 filings; the reviewed filings document private institutional lobbying over public rules rather than a public-interest advocacy role. That warrants a limited Policy Capture penalty because private institutional pressure is being applied to public rules while affected people cannot democratically govern that agenda. The value is limited because the linked record shows a real problem but not one that dominates the profile on this axis. Linked evidence OpenLobby records GENERAL MOTORS LLC lobbying on technology, tax, automotive, finance, environment, transportation, and other issues with about $980K in spending across 21 filings; the reviewed filings document private institutional lobbying over public rules rather than a public-interest advocacy role. [6]
High-Carbon Products ? Core products, services, financing, or supply chains that materially depend on fossil-fuel combustion, high-emissions transport, industrial animal agriculture, meat, dairy, or other unusually carbon-intensive activity. This is scored separately from general ecological harm so ordinary consumers can see carbon-intensive product exposure directly. Range: -10 to 0.	-5	Combustion transport, vehicle fleets, fuel, rental trucks, or transport platforms create material high-carbon exposure. Linked evidence General Motors has combustion transport exposure high-carbon product exposure based on its listed business model and current profile description: A public automaker selling Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac, Buick, and commercial vehicles, with shareholder governance, large truck and SUV exposure, OnStar connected services, and direct FTC connected-car data enforcement. G… [7]
Surveillance Capture ? Invasive surveillance, unreasonably non-optional tracking, facial recognition, biometric identification, or AI behavior scanning of customers, workers, bystanders, or the public. Range: -5 to 0.	-5	The FTC finalized an order settling allegations that GM and OnStar collected, used, and sold precise geolocation and driving-behavior data from millions of vehicles without adequate notice and affirmative consent. The FTC finalized an order settling allegations that GM and OnStar collected, used, and sold precise geolocation and driving-behavior data from millions of vehicles without adequate notice and affirmative consent. That warrants a severe Surveillance Capture penalty because customers, workers, users, bystanders, or the public are exposed to invasive tracking, biometrics, or behavior scanning. The value is near the floor because the conduct appears central, large-scale, repeated, or institutionally powerful rather than incidental. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Column-spectrum position: 0 scored entries below, 12 tied, 214 above on Surveillance Capture. Linked evidence The FTC finalized an order settling allegations that GM and OnStar collected, used, and sold precise geolocation and driving-behavior data from millions of vehicles without adequate notice and affirmative consent. [4]
Ideological Disavowal ? Concealed ideology presented as neutrality, expertise, professional necessity, public-service administration, market inevitability, or non-ideological common sense while exercising power. Range: -3 to 0.	-1	General Motors's public framing is assessed as ideological-disavowal evidence because General Motors shows bounded neutrality theater: some contested choices are softened through expertise,… General Motors's public framing is assessed as ideological-disavowal evidence because General Motors shows bounded neutrality theater: some contested choices are softened through expertise, public-interest, professional, market, safety, or institutional language, but the record does not show dominant concealment of standpoint. That warrants a limited Ideological Disavowal penalty because the institution presents situated, contested choices as neutrality, expertise, inevitability, safety, or common sense. The value is limited because the linked record shows a real problem but not one that dominates the profile on this axis. Calibration notes Comparative anchor: Ideological Disavowal 0 to -3 recalibration: 0 for explicit standpoint or no penalty-level neutrality theater; -1 for bounded softening of contested choices; -2 for strong neutrality theater by a powerful institution; -3 for major gatekeeping or coercive power presented as neutral, necessary, objective, or non-ideological. Uncertainty This recalibration uses public self-presentation and profile evidence; later review should add direct language-analysis evidence for high-impact institutions. Linked evidence General Motors's public framing is assessed as ideological-disavowal evidence because General Motors shows bounded neutrality theater: some contested choices are softened through expertise, public-interest, professional, market, safety, or institutional language, but the record does not show dominant concealment of standpoint. [5]

Bonus Credits

No bonus credits applied in this version.

Confidence Basis

Confidence is computed from the evidence trail and review state, not typed into the profile by hand.

Medium 70/100

7 verified linked claims 7 direct axis claims 0 disputed claims 7/14 components covered

This confidence label measures the source-backed evidence trail. AI-scaffolded scores remain tentative until human review.

Claim confidence 13/20

7 verified linked claims

Source quality 14/18

Best source per verified claim, weighted by institutional reliability

Direct axis-specific claims 9/18

7 direct claims across 14 active components

Dispute load 12/12

0 disputed claims on this entity

Recency 10/10

Newest accepted timestamp: May 13, 2026

Reviewer status 7/12

Human-reviewed components score higher than AI scaffolding

Component coverage 5/10

7/14 evidence-bearing components have direct support

Evidence State

Profile stateAI draft / human-pending

VerificationUnverified

ConfidenceMedium confidence (AI)

ThoroughnessPartial (AI)

Correction routeUse “Challenge this rating” for factual errors, missing counterevidence, source problems, or calculation mistakes.

Company responseCompany representatives can submit source-backed corrections; payment never changes scores or reviewer authority.

Claims and Sources

Claims are the evidence record. Each claim needs a source link, axis category, status, confidence level, and timestamp before it can support a score.

* Tentative scaffolding score. Not human-checked or final.

1General Motors publishes investor-relations or annual-report materials for a shareholder-governed automaker.

Ownership Verified Medium confidence AI-generated / human-pending May 6, 2026

AI scaffold

GM investor relationsOfficial self-description · 68%

2General Motors sells mainstream passenger vehicles and related connected, service, or mobility products at consumer scale.

Product Integrity Verified Medium confidence AI-generated / human-pending May 6, 2026

AI scaffold

GM investor relationsOfficial self-description · 68%

3General Motors sells cars in a product category where the IEA reports cars and vans produced 3.8 Gt of CO2 emissions in 2023, more than 60% of road-transport emissions.

Ecological Harm Verified Medium confidence AI-generated / human-pending May 6, 2026

AI scaffold

IEA cars and vans trackingGeneral web source · 58%
GM investor relationsOfficial self-description · 68%

4The FTC finalized an order settling allegations that GM and OnStar collected, used, and sold precise geolocation and driving-behavior data from millions of vehicles without adequate notice and affirmative consent.

Surveillance Capture Verified Medium confidence AI-generated / human-pending May 6, 2026

AI scaffold

FTC GM OnStar connected vehicle data orderPrimary public record · 100%
Mozilla car privacy overviewGeneral web source · 58%

5General Motors's public framing is assessed as ideological-disavowal evidence because General Motors shows bounded neutrality theater: some contested choices are softened through expertise, public-interest, professional, market, safety, or institutional language, but the record does not show dominant concealment of standpoint.

Ideological Disavowal Verified Medium confidence AI-generated / human-pending May 9, 2026

AI scaffold

General Motors official siteOfficial self-description · 68%
GM investor relationsOfficial self-description · 68%
IEA cars and vans trackingGeneral web source · 58%

6OpenLobby records GENERAL MOTORS LLC lobbying on technology, tax, automotive, finance, environment, transportation, and other issues with about $980K in spending across 21 filings; the reviewed filings document private institutional lobbying over public rules rather than a public-interest advocacy role.

Policy Capture Verified Medium confidence AI-generated / human-pending May 11, 2026

AI scaffold

OpenLobby — GENERAL MOTORS LLC lobbying profileGeneral web source · 58%

7General Motors has combustion transport exposure high-carbon product exposure based on its listed business model and current profile description: A public automaker selling Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac, Buick, and commercial vehicles, with shareholder governance, large truck and SUV exposure, OnStar connected services, and direct FTC connected-car data enforcement. G…

High Carbon Products Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed May 11, 2026

General Motors public siteOfficial self-description · 68%
EPA: Transportation Sector EmissionsPrimary public record · 100%

8General Motors receives the Private Government badge because it combines large-scale private rule-setting over customers, workers, users, members, or counterparties with OpenLobby-documented lobbying of about $980K on public policy issues.

Private Government Verified Medium confidence AI-generated / human-pending May 11, 2026

AI scaffold

OpenLobby — GENERAL MOTORS LLC lobbying profileGeneral web source · 58%

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Audit Log

Recent public changes for this company or group. The full audit log is part of the Transparency record.

May 6, 2026 at 12:00 AM UTC ai-scaffolding automaker-expansion

Added mainstream automaker entity with source-backed tentative evaluation, including connected-car surveillance and vehicle-emissions claims.

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