Roman Empire @ 117 CE

ancient empire

Roman Empire @ 117 CE

Industry Historical

The Roman Empire at its territorial high point under Trajan, with administrative durability, public works, roads, and law coexisting with conquest, slavery, and emperor-centered rule. It scores low because imperial order and infrastructure rested on domination rather than accountable consent.

Why this matters: Rome is useful because it combines real institutional capacity with slavery and conquest.

Letter grade F Malignant Medium confidence (AI) Rubric gcd-rubric-v1

Final Score -30* F - Malignant

* Tentative scaffolding score. Not human-checked or final.

Base Material17
Bonus+1
Cap35Ownership <= 2 and Governance <= 2
After Cap18
Penalties-48
L
Policy Capture: L for Lobbying

The L badge appears when the Policy Capture penalty is severe. Here, L stands for Lobbying: the policy-capture value is -10, meaning the evidence indicates major private-interest lobbying or policy pressure against workers, customers, citizens, affected communities, democratic accountability, or ecological life.

Evidence: [1] [2] [14]

!Not Verified
Represent this organization?

Request verification to have the evidence record checked against primary materials and organization-supplied documents. Verification does not buy a higher score; scores change only when review finds factual errors, omissions, or miscalibration.

Request verification

Evaluation Overview

F - Malignant

The score turns mainly on Scale Integrity, with the largest penalty coming from Coercive Violence.

Strengths

  • Scale Integrity5/5
  • Loss-Bearing Fidelity3/7
  • Product Integrity3/5

Penalties

  • Coercive Violence-14
  • Policy Capture-10
  • Human Harm-8
  • Debt Peonage-5

Evidence state

  • ConfidenceMedium confidence (AI)
  • ThoroughnessDeveloped (AI)
  • Linked claims19
  • Direct axis claims19
  • Coverage17/19

Scoring Axes

Axis Score Why this score
Ownership
?
Control rights: shareholder-dominated at 0, worker cooperative control at 10.
0 / 10

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Uncertainty
  • No separate axis-specific source was added for this zero/no-credit value in the historical snapshot pass.
Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
Governance
?
Binding decision authority: centralized control at 0, democratic stakeholder control at 10.
1 / 10

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for governance based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [3]
Extraction
?
Surplus allocation, wage share, CEO pay ratio, margins, and structured extraction judgment.
2 / 10

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for extraction based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [4]
Labor Sovereignty
?
Worker power: coercive conditions at 0, co-determination or ownership at 7. Employee dissatisfaction matters only when source-backed evidence shows concrete limits on worker agency, such as coercive scheduling, retaliation, wage theft, harassment, unsafe conditions, suppression of worker voice, or extreme turnover.
0 / 7

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Uncertainty
  • No separate axis-specific source was added for this zero/no-credit value in the historical snapshot pass.
Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
Solidarity with the Unemployed
?
Treatment of exits and nonworkers, including severance, redeployment, and non-competes.
1 / 7

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for solidarity unemployed based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [5]
Loss-Bearing Fidelity
?
Willingness to absorb costs to preserve values, workers, users, and public obligations.
3 / 7

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for loss bearing fidelity based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [6]
Market Conduct
?
Pricing fairness, switching costs, lock-in, and rent extraction.
2 / 5

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for market conduct based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [7]
Product Integrity
?
Preservation of quality rather than degradation for monetization.
3 / 5

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for product integrity based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [8]
Scale Integrity
?
Whether growth improves or degrades fairness and accountability.
5 / 5

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for scale integrity based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [9]

Penalties

Penalty Applied Why this penalty
Human Harm
?
Severity, scale, culpability, vulnerable targets, willful reoffense, reputation laundering, pattern escalation, and time decay. Range: -20 to 0.
-8

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for human harm based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [11]
Coercive Violence
?
Direct or institutionally enabled killing, torture, detention abuse, armed repression, forced displacement, violent domination, or nonconsensual crisis-line emergency escalation that exposes callers to confinement or force. Range: -30 to 0.
-14

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for coercive violence based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [12]
Ecological Harm
?
Footprint, trajectory, irreversibility, culpability, and scale, including whether ecological harm is central to the model and continued after credible notice. Range: -30 to 0.
-4

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for ecological harm based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [13]
Policy Capture
?
Private-interest attempts to bend law, regulation, subsidies, taxes, enforcement, trade, labor, safety, competition, environmental, healthcare, housing, surveillance, civil-liberties, or consumer policy against workers, customers, citizens, affected communities, or ecological life. Public-interest advocacy is not penalized merely because it is lobbying. Range: -15 to 0.
-10

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for policy capture based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [14]
Debt Peonage
?
Coercive or structurally inescapable debt systems, including bankruptcy-resistant student debt, compelled servicing relationships, wage or benefit garnishment leverage, distressed-debt buying, debt collection, or refinancing practices that turn education, medical care, housing, household necessity, or public obligation into long-term debtor control. Ordinary transparent lending is not penalized by itself. Range: -12 to 0.
-5

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for debt peonage based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [15]
Accountability Opacity
?
Material opacity, reputation laundering, or hidden accountability structures that prevent public accountability. Range: -2 to 0.
-2

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for disclosure based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [16]
Identity Capture
?
Customer pressure, employee pressure, and pervasive identity saturation. Range: -3 to 0.
-2

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for identity capture based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [17]
Surveillance Capture
?
Invasive surveillance, unreasonably non-optional tracking, facial recognition, biometric identification, or AI behavior scanning of customers, workers, bystanders, or the public. Range: -5 to 0.
-1

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for surveillance capture based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [18]
Ideological Disavowal
?
Concealed ideology presented as neutrality, expertise, professional necessity, public-service administration, market inevitability, or non-ideological common sense while exercising power. Range: -3 to 0.
-2

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for ideological disavowal based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [19]

Bonus Credits

Bonus Credit Why this credit
Constitutional Spirit
?
Credit for respecting constitutional rights and civil-liberties norms even where private law does not strictly require it.
1 / 3

The year 117 CE captures Rome at maximum scale and administrative prestige rather than in collapse.

Calibration notes

Comparative anchor: Historical calibration snapshot for 117 CE, compared with current and historical directory entries.

Linked evidence
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion. [1]
  • context Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare. [2]
  • Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for constitutional spirit based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation. [10]

Confidence Basis

Confidence Basis

Confidence is computed from the evidence trail and review state, not typed into the profile by hand.

Medium 76/100

19 verified linked claims 19 direct axis claims 0 disputed claims 17/19 components covered

This confidence label measures the source-backed evidence trail. AI-scaffolded scores remain tentative until human review.

Claim confidence 14/20

19 verified linked claims

Source quality 10/18

Best source per verified claim, weighted by institutional reliability

Direct axis-specific claims 14/18

19 direct claims across 19 active components

Dispute load 12/12

0 disputed claims on this entity

Recency 10/10

Newest accepted timestamp: May 13, 2026

Reviewer status 7/12

Human-reviewed components score higher than AI scaffolding

Component coverage 9/10

17/19 evidence-bearing components have direct support

Evidence State

Evidence State

Profile stateAI draft / human-pending
VerificationUnverified
ConfidenceMedium confidence (AI)
ThoroughnessDeveloped (AI)
Correction routeUse “Challenge this rating” for factual errors, missing counterevidence, source problems, or calculation mistakes.
Company responseCompany representatives can submit source-backed corrections; payment never changes scores or reviewer authority.

Claims and Sources

Claims are the evidence record. Each claim needs a source link, axis category, status, confidence level, and timestamp before it can support a score.

* Tentative scaffolding score. Not human-checked or final.
1Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes Trajan-era harmony, public works, and expansion.

Governance Verified High confidence Human-reviewed

2Roman Empire @ 117 CE: Britannica describes slavery and mass enslavement in Roman warfare.

Human Harm Verified High confidence Human-reviewed

3Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for governance based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Governance Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

4Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for extraction based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Extraction Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

5Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for solidarity unemployed based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Solidarity Unemployed Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

6Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for loss bearing fidelity based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Loss Bearing Fidelity Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

7Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for market conduct based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Market Conduct Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

8Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for product integrity based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Product Integrity Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

9Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for scale integrity based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Scale Integrity Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

10Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for constitutional spirit based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Constitutional Spirit Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

11Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for human harm based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Human Harm Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

12Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for coercive violence based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Coercive Violence Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

13Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for ecological harm based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Ecological Harm Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

14Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for policy capture based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Policy Capture Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

15Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for debt peonage based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Debt Peonage Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

16Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for disclosure based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Accountability Opacity Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

17Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for identity capture based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Identity Capture Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

18Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for surveillance capture based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Surveillance Capture Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

19Roman Empire @ 117 CE has a year-specific historical finding for ideological disavowal based on the dated profile sources and snapshot evaluation.

Ideological Disavowal Verified Medium confidence Human-reviewed

Alternatives

Competitors

Help Improve This Profile

Submit source-backed evidence or challenge a specific claim, source, axis value, or calculation below.

How This Page Is Maintained

Evidence comes in through contributors, is checked by verifiers, and is synthesized by reviewers. Founder authority remains narrow and visible; scores recalculate when verified claims or the rubric change.

Civic Note

Incorporation, limited liability, market access, and other institutional privileges are public grants. Good Companies Directory treats those privileges as conditional on accountability to workers, users, communities, and the public.

Submit evidence for Roman Empire @ 117 CE Add one source-backed fact for review.

Challenge this rating Point to a specific score, claim, source, or calculation problem.

Audit Log

Recent public changes for this company or group. The full audit log is part of the Transparency record.

No company-specific audit entries have been published yet.

View Full Audit Log